Automated package shipping machine

ABSTRACT

A system for accepting and storing items for subsequent pickup by a commercial carrier includes a storage area which is defined by an outer housing, and a customer interface area that includes a weighing unit and a unit, such as a magnetic card reader, for accepting payment from a customer. The system may also include a control system that accepts address information from the customer through a key pad, and then instructs a printer to print an address label for the item. The system includes safeguards which prevent unauthorized access to the storage area, and will not provide a receipt to the customer until internal sensors verify deposit of the item. A manifest printer may also be provided for the benefit of the commercial carriers who service the system, to print out a summary of the transactions that pertain to each carrier. Alternatively, no storage area is provided. Instead, the item is given to a human attendant, such as a check out clerk of a grocery or hardware store and the like, with the appropriate mailing label for validation of receipt of the item by the attendant.

This is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 08/235,290, filed Apr.29, 1994, Now U.S. Pat. No. 5,656,799, which was a continuation-in-partof application Ser. No. 07/903,342, filed Jun. 24, 1992, U.S. Pat. No.5,340,948,which was a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.07/683,243, filed Apr. 10, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,233,532, thedisclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to the commercial shipping and deliveringindustry. More specifically, this invention relates to an automated unitfor preparing an appropriate mailing label, for validating receipt froma customer of a parcel, package, letter or other item for shipment,and/or for collecting and holding parcels, packages, letters and otheritems for pick-up by one or more commercial delivery services.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Individuals and companies rely heavily on commercial delivery servicesto transport letters and packages to intended addresses and recipientsthroughout the world. Commercial delivery services compete intenselyboth in terms of pricing and service. The amount of time that it takes acommercial delivery service to deliver an item to its destination iscritical to the shipment of many items. To meet this demand, manycommercial delivery services offer an overnight or "next-day mail"service for a premium price. Price competition for overnight and otherservice is very intense, and it is particularly important that shippeditems be collected, transported and distributed quickly and on acost-effective basis.

Some delivery services operate unattended drop-boxes in which a customermay place a pre-addressed package or letter. This is done withspecialized envelopes which are distributed by the delivery service;often such envelopes include an account number for the customer and atear-off receipt that the customer may keep after mailing the package.Such schemes, however, cannot provide full insurance protection orverification that the package was in fact mailed, since no attendant ispresent to verify that the letter was actually placed in the box. Inaddition, present-day unattended drop-boxes cannot accept packagesbecause packages need to be pre-weighed and sized before they can beaccepted for shipment. Another disadvantage of unattended drop-boxes isthat they are generally inaccessible to customers who do not have apre-assigned customer account or specialized mailing envelope. Suchsystems are also necessarily limited in the size and shape of items thatthey will accept for shipment.

Most delivery services also operate staffed offices in large towns andcities which can accept items of most sizes for shipments, and giveverified receipts to the customer. Such offices can generally be used bypersons who do not have a special account number with the company, butare usually limited in the hours of operation. Such offices have arelatively high overhead cost for the company that operates them; thislimits the number of such offices that a company can maintain. As aresult, many persons and companies seeking overnight or other expediteddelivery service must either drive to the nearest office, which might bemany miles away, or, if feasible, use a drop-box which does not give averified deposit receipt.

It is clear that a long and unfilled need in the art has existed for asystem which accepts and stores items for subsequent pick-up by acommercial carrier which is inexpensive to maintain and service, whichgives a verified deposit of receipt, which accepts items of differentsizes and shape for shipment, and which can be accessed by persons andcompanies who do not have a pre-existing relationship with the deliveryservice or services.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a system whichcan accept and store items for subsequent pick-up by a commercialcarrier.

It is further an object of this invention to provide such a system whichis inexpensive to deploy and maintain at a fixed location.

It is further an object of this invention to provide such a system,which can accept letters and packages of different shapes and sizes, andsize and weigh shipments prior to acceptance.

It is further an object of the invention to provide a system foraccepting and storing items for shipment by a commercial carrier whichis accessible to persons and companies who do not have a pre-existingbusiness relationship with the carrier or carriers.

It is further an object of the invention to provide a system foraccepting and storing items for subsequent pickup by a commercialcarrier which is capable of giving a verified deposit of receipt to acustomer.

It is further an object of the invention to provide a system forprinting an appropriate mailing label with the appropriate fee forshipment and for providing a mechanism for verified receipt of an itemto be shipped.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a system foraccepting and storing items for subsequent pick-up which can be used andoperated by several different, competing, commercial delivery services.

In order to achieve the above and other objects of the invention, amethod of mailing parcels and envelopes using an automated shippingmachine according to a first aspect of the invention includes the stepsof receiving payment information from a customer; receiving package typeinformation identifying the parcel or envelope to be mailed; weighingthe parcel or envelope to be mailed; determining length, width andheight dimensions of the parcel or envelope to be mailed; receivingshipping information from the customer including at least a destinationof the parcel or envelope to be mailed; computing from the package typeinformation, shipping information, and length, width, height and weightmeasurements of the parcel or envelope, a delivery date and cost fordelivery of the parcel or envelope to the destination via each deliveryservice option available to the customer; receiving an indication of thedelivery service option chosen by the customer; providing a shippinglabel including at least the destination printed thereon; receiving theparcel or envelope with the shipping label applied thereto; validatingthat the parcel or envelope received in the receiving step is the parcelor envelope for which the shipping label was printed in the shippinglabel providing step; securely storing the parcel or envelope in asecure storing area inaccessible to the customer when it is determinedin the validating step that the parcel or envelope received in thereceiving step is the parcel or envelope for which the shipping labelwas printed in the shipping label providing step; providing the customerwith a shipping receipt for an amount including at least the cost ofdelivering the parcel or envelope to the destination via the deliveryservice chosen by the customer; and storing the parcel or envelope inthe secure storing area until subsequently picked up by a commercialdelivery person.

Such a method is implemented by an automated shipping machine includinga device for receiving payment information from a customer; a scale forweighing a parcel or envelope to be mailed; a measuring apparatus fordetermining length, width and height dimensions of the parcel orenvelope to be mailed; a processing system for receiving package typeinformation identifying the parcel or envelope to be mailed, shippinginformation from the customer including at least a destination of theparcel or envelope to be mailed, for computing from the package typeinformation, shipping information, weight information from the scale,and length, width, and height measurements from the measuring apparatus,a delivery date and cost for delivery of the parcel or envelope to thedestination via each delivery service option available to the customer,and for receiving an indication of the delivery service option desiredby the customer; a printer responsive to the processing system forprinting a shipping label including at least the destination printedthereon and for printing a shipping receipt for an amount including atleast the cost of delivering the parcel or envelope to the destinationvia the delivery service chosen by the customer; a validation area foraccepting the parcel or envelope, the validation area being inaccessibleby the customer and comprising a system for validating whether theparcel or envelope received therein is the parcel or envelope for whichthe shipping label was printed by the printer; and a secure storage areaadjacent the validation area for securely storing the parcel or envelopevalidated by the validating system, the secure storage area storing thevalidated parcel or envelope until the parcel or envelope issubsequently picked up by a commercial delivery person.

According to another aspect of the invention, a system is disclosed foraccepting and storing parcels for subsequent pickup by a commercialcarrier. Such a system includes an outer housing having inner and outersurfaces, the inner surface defining a storage area which is constructedand sized to store a multiplicity of parcels; a deposit system,connected to the outer housing, for permitting a customer to deposit theparcel into the storage area, the deposit system comprising a conveyorfor moving the parcel into the storage area; an input device forinputting information relating to the destination of the parcel from thecustomer; a scale for weighing the parcel when the parcel is positionedon the conveyor; and a control system for calculating a shipment fee forthe parcel from at least the weight and destination information.

According to yet another aspect of the invention, a system for acceptingand storing parcels for subsequent pickup by a commercial carrier isprovided which includes an outer housing having inner and outersurfaces, the inner surface defining a storage area which is constructedand sized to store a multiplicity of parcels; a secure deposit system,connected to the outer housing, for permitting a customer to deposit theparcel into the storage area, the secure deposit system comprising aholding space that is defined in part by a support surface and an outerdoor, the outer door being constructed and arranged to deny access tothe holding space after a parcel has been deposited on the supportsurface, the secure deposit system further comprising a system formoving the package from the holding space to the storage area; an inputdevice for inputting information relating to the destination of theparcel from the customer; a scale for weighing the parcel when theparcel is positioned in the holding space, whereby a customer will notbe able to interfere with the weighing; and a control system forcalculating a shipment fee for the parcel from at least the weight andthe destination information.

According to still another aspect of the invention, a system is providedfor accepting and storing parcels for subsequent pickup by a commercialcarrier. This embodiment includes an outer housing having inner andouter surfaces, the inner surface defining a storage area which isconstructed and sized to store a multiplicity of parcels; a scale forweighing a parcel which a customer intends to ship; an input device forinputting information relating to the destination of the parcel from thecustomer; a control system for calculating a shipment fee for theparcel, the control system being in communication with the scale and theinformation inputting system; a secure deposit system, enabled by thecontrol system, for permitting a customer to securely deposit the parcelinto the storage area; and a stacking system in the storage area forstacking the parcel in the storage area, whereby the volume of thestorage area will be efficiently utilized.

These and various other advantages and features of novelty whichcharacterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in theclaims annexed hereto and forming a part hereof. However, for a betterunderstanding of the invention, its advantages, and the objects obtainedby its use, reference should be made to the drawings which form afurther part hereof, and to the accompanying descriptive matter, inwhich there is illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of theinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an unmanned mail collection apparatusconstructed in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial front elevational view of the apparatus illustratedin FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top sectional view taken generally along lines 3--3 in FIG.1;

FIG. 4 is a perspective fragmentary view of a portion of the apparatusillustrated in FIGS. 1-3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a control system for the apparatusillustrated in FIGS. 1-4;

FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of an apparatus constructed inaccordance with the first embodiment of the invention but modified toinclude a packaging supply unit;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an apparatus constructed in accordancewith a second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a top sectional view taken generally along lines 8--8 in FIG.7;

FIG. 9 is a diagrammatical side sectional view of the apparatusillustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a control system for the apparatusillustrated in FIGS. 7-9;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an apparatus constructed in accordancewith a third embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged front elevational view of a customer interfacearea in the apparatus depicted in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a perspective diagrammatical view of certain components ofthe apparatus depicted in FIGS. 11 and 12;

FIG. 14 is a perspective diagrammatical view of the components shown inFIG. 13 but shown in a second operative position;

FIGS. 15A-15D illustrate alternative embodiments of the dimensioningsystem of the apparatus of FIGS. 11-14.

FIG. 16 is an isolated diagrammatical view of the weighing and conveyingmechanism of the apparatus depicted in FIGS. 11-15;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a control system for the apparatusillustrated in FIGS. 11-16;

FIGS. 18A and 18B constitute a flow chart depicting operation of theapparatus illustrated in FIGS. 11-17;

FIG. 19 is a flow chart depicting the diagnostic software of theapparatus illustrated in FIGS. 11-18B;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an apparatus constructed in accordancewith a fourth embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a control system for the apparatusillustrated in FIG. 20; and

FIGS. 22(A)-22(C) constitute a flow chart depicting operation of theapparatus illustrated in FIGS. 20 and 21.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Embodiment Of FIGS. 1-6

In the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate correspondingstructure throughout the views, and in particular in FIGS. 1-4, a system10, constructed according to a first embodiment of the invention foraccepting and storing items for subsequent pick-up by a commercialcarrier, includes an outer housing 12 which defines a storage area 14for holding items such as packages or parcels. As best shown in FIGS. 1and 2, system 10 further includes a customer interface area 16 which ispositioned beneath a hooded overhang 18. Hooded overhang 18 providesprivacy and shelter from the elements to a customer during use of thesystem 10. Interface area 16 includes a horizontal platform 20 uponwhich packages, parcels or personal items can be placed by a customer.Measuring indicia (not shown) are also preferably printed on platform 20and on adjacent vertical walls of the housing 12 so that a customer canquickly measure the external dimensions of the item he or she intends toship. An electronic scale 22 is provided on platform 20 for weighing anenvelope, parcel or package prior to its mailing, as will be describedin greater detail below. Customer interface area 16 further includes aCRT video display terminal 24, a printer 26, a key pad 28 and a magneticcard reader 30, for purposes which will be described in greater detailbelow. Instead of card reader 30, the system 10 could alternativelyinclude other means for payment, or for identifying the customer forlater billing. A lamp 32 is provided on an underside of the hoodedoverhang 18 to provide illumination to the customer interface area 16,as may be seen in FIG. 2.

As shown in FIG. 3, a back wall of outer housing 12 has a first serviceaccess opening 34 defined therein which is selectively openable andclosable by a first door 36. First door 36 includes a key-type lock (notshown) which, desirably, can be opened only by service personnel orrepresentatives of client delivery services. A second service accessopening 38 is also defined in the back wall of outer housing 12 and isaccessible via a second door 40.

Second door 40 is also provided with a key-type lock (not shown) which,preferably, is also openable only by service personnel orrepresentatives of client delivery services.

The purpose of first door 36 and second door 40 during operation of thesystem 10 will be discussed in greater detail below.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, an outer door 42 having a handle 44 ispositioned to the upper right of the customer interface area 16. Outerdoor 42 is mounted for linear movement in a horizontal plane by a pairof linear bearings which include a first guide track 46 and a secondguide track 48. The guide tracks 46, 48 extend flush with or beneath asmooth horizontal surface upon which a package or parcel may be placed.

To prevent unauthorized access to storage area 14, a security mechanism50 includes a pair of inner doors 52, 54 which are openable and closableby an inner door closing mechanism 56. Closing mechanism 56 includes astepper motor 58 which is arranged to extend and retract an extendablemember 60 through a suitable mechanical transmission arrangement, suchas a pinion and rack arrangement. Extendable member 60 is slidablyreceived within a casing 62, as may be seen in FIG. 3. A first link 64and a second link 66 are pivotally connected to a distal end ofextendable member 60 at a pivot point 68, as may further be seen in FIG.3. Second, opposite ends of the first and second links 64, 66 areconnected to the first and second inner doors 52, 54 at pivot points 70,72, respectively. When stepper motor 58 is operated in a first rotarydirection, extendable member 60 will extend out of casing 62, openingthe inner doors 52, 54. When stepper motor 58 is caused to rotate in asecond, opposite direction, extendable member 60 will retract intocasing 62, thereby closing the inner doors 52, 54. A more detaileddescription of the function of security doors 50 within the overallcontext of system operation is provided hereinbelow.

As shown in FIG. 3, a guide structure 74 is provided for guiding an itemsuch as package or parcel from the rear end of the guide tracks 46, 48to a deposit area on the floor of storage area 14. As shown in FIG. 3,guide structure 74 is constructed as a spiral guide track 76, whichincludes an alternating series of high speed and slow roller sections.As shown in FIG. 3, guide track 76 includes a first set of slow rollers78, which are positioned at the 10 uppermost, initial approach area ofthe guide track 76. The entire guide track 76 inclines downwardlythroughout both the curved and straight areas, so that a package orparcel placed thereon will roll under its own weight to the bottom oftrack 76 at the deposit area near the floor of storage area 14. Itshould be made clear that the first set 78 of slow rollers extendsbeneath inner door closing mechanism 56 to the rear end of guide tracks46, 48, so that a package or parcel placed behind outer door 42 will bepositioned on the guide track 76 when the outer door 42 is moved to itsrearward, closed position. At this point, only the security doors 50will stop the package or parcel from rolling unimpeded along the guidetrack 76, and only if the doors 52, 54 are in their closed position.Guide track 76 includes a high speed curved roller area 80 at the lowerend of the first section 78 of slow rollers which is characterized bylarger, low friction rollers which will allow the parcel or package totravel at a higher speed than the parcel or package travelled on theslow roller section 78. A second section 82 of slow rollers are providedat the lower end of first high speed roller section 80 to keep theparcel or package from attaining too high of a speed. A second highspeed roller section 84 is provided at the lower end of second slowroller section 82. A third slow roller section (not shown) is positionedat the lower end of second high speed roller section 84 to slow thepackage or parcel as it approaches the deposit area near the floor ofstorage area 14. The guide track 76 terminates near the floor of storagearea 14, at a point which is adjacent to the first service accessopening 34. As a result, service personnel or representatives of clientdelivery services can retrieve parcels or packages from storage area 14conveniently by unlocking and opening first door 36.

Referring now to FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, a manifest access door 86 is providedin a forward wall of outer housing 12, immediately to the right ofcustomer interface area 16. Manifest access door 86 is provided with alock 87 which is, preferably, openable only by service personnel orrepresentatives of client delivery services. A manifest printer 90 isprovided on an upper surface of a platform 88 which is slidably mountedon bearings so as to be extendable from the outer housing 12 when themanifest access door 86 is opened. The purpose of manifest printer 90will be discussed in greater detail below.

As shown in FIG. 4, system 10 further includes a dump drop option forthe mailing of small envelopes and similar items. Dump drop 92 includesa pivotable drawer which has a handle 98 and is similar to the drawerson commercial drop-boxes or those which are used by the U.S. postalservice. Positioned beneath the pivotable drawer is an inclined lowfriction chute 94 which inclines downwardly to a location above acollection space 96. When an envelope is placed in the pivotable drawerof dump drop 92 and the drawer is allowed to pivot back to its closedposition, an envelope will fall onto the incline chute 94 and slidedownwardly, finally dropping into the collection space 96. Chute 94 ispositioned beneath the slidable platform 88 for the manifest printer 90,which are not shown in FIG. 4 for 30 purposes of clarity.

One important aspect of system 10 is the provision of a control system100 which coordinates various sensors, motors, and input/output devicesthroughout the system.

Control system 100 is schematically illustrated in FIG. 5, and includesa central processing unit (CPU) 102 which is in two-way communicationwith a program logic controller (PLC) 104. Inputs to the CPU 102 includethe electronic scale 22, the key pad 28, and the magnetic card reader30, all of which are positioned in the customer interface area 16 thatwas described above. Outputs from the CPU 102 include the manifestprinter 90, the printer 26 in the customer interface area 16, and thevideo display terminal 24.

The PLC 104 receives input and outputs to the CPU 102, as isschematically indicated in FIG. 5. Additionally, the PLC 104 directlyreceives input from a power supply 106, which provides power to thecontrol system 100 and the various electrical components of the system10. PLC 104 also receives input from a program input component 108,which in a preferred embodiment is a keyboard (not shown) provided in apanel behind the customer interface area 16. The PLC 104 is preferably aread only memory (ROM) which can receive programming input only frominput device 108. Thus, all of the software which controls the operationof PLC 104 is received through input device 108. PLC 104 also directlyreceives input from a two-position switch 110, which monitors theposition of outer door 42 by reversing position each time outer door 42passes over the sensor switch 110. The position of sensor switch 110 isindicated in FIG. 3 of the drawings, and preferably is approximately 12inches from the rear end of the guide tracks 46, 48. PLC 104 alsoreceives input from a first photocell sensor 112, which is positionedabove the guide track 76 at a location which is slightly forward of thesecurity doors 50. PLC 104 also receives input from a second photocellsensor 114, which is also positioned slightly above guide track 76 at alocation which is rearward or downstream from the security doors 50. Athird photocell sensor 116 is provided at the bottom of the inclinedchute 94 and the dump drop system 92 illustrated in FIG. 4. Thirdphotocell monitor 116 further provides input to PLC 104.

In operation, the system 10 is deployed to a location which isconsidered convenient to potential customers. This may be a hotel lobby,a service station, a business establishment, or other location. Oncepositioned, control system 100 is programmed to interface with potentialcustomers. To do this, a specialized programmer person uses programinput device 108 to load the appropriate zone and weight charts for allclient delivery services into the PLC 104. Next, the programmer loadsthe corresponding fee files which correspond to each client deliveryservice at that desired location. At this point in time, the system isready to interact with potential customers.

First, a customer approaches the customer interface area 16, and layswhatever personal effects he or she may have upon the platform 20. Thecustomer then measures the dimensions of the item being shipped on theindicia which is provided on or about platform 20. The video displayterminal or screen 24 at this point displays a prompt which instructsthe customer to place the envelope, parcel or package on electronicscale 22 and instructs the customer to push a start button on key pad 28to initiate a deposit. Once control system 100 receives input fromelectronic scale 22 and the start button, it evaluates the input tocheck whether the package, parcel or envelope exceeds a pre-determinedweight maximum, which preferably is approximately 70 pounds. If thepackage exceeds the predetermined maximum, control system 100 displays amessage on video display terminal 24 to the effect that the systemcannot accept packages which exceed the predetermined maximum weight. Ifthe package is within the predetermined weight maximum, control system100 displays a prompt on video display terminal 24 which instructs thecustomer to pass a magnetic credit or debit card through magnetic cardreader 30. Preferably, system 10 is compatible with most commercial bankcards, as well as any proprietary cards that its commercial clientdelivery services may issue. After the customer has passed a magneticcard through reader 30, control system 100 evaluates the informationreceived from card reader 30 and determines whether or not the cardinformation meets certain predetermined characteristics. Thosecharacteristics may be the type of card, the expiration date, andwhether the card is listed in the CPU memory as a "bad" card. If theinformation does not meet these criteria, the control system 100displays a prompt on terminal 24 to pass the card through reader 30 asecond time. If the card information is approved by system 100, system100 will display a prompt on terminal 24 which asks for a phone numberwhere the customer can normally be reached. After the customer enters aphone number through key pad 28, system 100 evaluates the number to seewhether it meets predetermined criteria, such as whether the number iseither seven or ten digits. If it does not, system 100 displays a secondprompt on terminal 24 which asks the customer to reenter the number. Ifthe number meets the selected criteria, system 100 displays a screenwhich requests the customer to enter the desired zip code of the itemwhich is to be mailed. The customer then enters the destination zip codethrough key pad 28, and the system 100 evaluates the code againstcertain criteria, such as whether exactly five digits have been entered.If the criteria are not met, a screen is displayed which instructs thecustomer to re-enter the zip code. If the zip code that is entered bythe customer meets the pre-determined criteria, system 100 displays ascreen on terminal 24 which instructs the customer to enter the value ofthe item that is being deposited. The customer then enters the value ofthe item through key pad 28. This information is evaluated by system 100and compared with certain criteria, such as whether it exceeds apredetermined maximum. If the information does not meet the criteria,the system displays a screen on terminal 24 which instructs the customerto re-enter the evaluation information. If the entered value meets thecriteria, system 100 will display a screen which instructs the customerto enter the size of the package. Once the customer enters the size ofthe package through key pad 28, the system will automatically re-weighthe package without informing the customer. If control system 100determines that the weight of the package has changed since the originalweighing, it will display a screen on terminal 24 which warns thecustomer against touching the package. At that point, control system 100again re-weighs the package. Once a consistent weight reading isachieved, or if the package weight has remained unchanged since theoriginal reading, system 100 will automatically calculate the chargesthat are to be applied to the credit or debit card account and will thendisplay a screen on terminal 24 which requests the customer to enter thepreferred mode of transportation for the item. At this point, a menu ofthe fees different services would charge may appear, and the customercan specify which commercial delivery service he or she would like touse by entering the appropriate information through key pad 28. Oncethis information is received by system 100, system 100 will display ascreen on terminal 24 which asks the customer whether the customer wouldlike to change any previous entries. If the customer responds throughkey pad 28 in the affirmative, the system 100 will display a screen onterminal 24 which allows the customer to select which input the customerwould like to change, and, upon entry of the appropriate information bythe customer, will allow the customer to change previously-input data.

If the customer indicates that all of the previously-input informationis still valid, or if all incorrect information has been re-enteredcorrectly, control system 100 will actuate printer 26 to print a mailinglabel for the package. Preferably, printer 26 is equipped with apeel-type laminated label material which can be peeled off to expose anadhesive backing. Once the label is printed, the customer peels the backoff of the label, and places the label on the item that is to be mailed.At this point, control system 100 displays a screen on terminal 24 whichinstructs the customer to take the label from the printer, to write themailing address onto the label, to place the label on the package, andto place the envelope or package in the appropriate door. If, because ofthe previously-input information, control system 100 determines that theitem to be mailed is an envelope, it instructs the customer to place theenvelope into the dump drop 92. At this point, control system 100 willtake no further action until it receives input from the thirdphotoelectric sensor 116 that an envelope has indeed travelled downinclined chute 94 and into the collection space 96.

If, because of the previously-input information, control system 100determines that a package or parcel is to be mailed, control system 100will unlock a magnetic lock 118, which will permit the customer to slideouter door 42 to its forward position by pulling on the handle 44. Asthe customer pulls the outer door 42 to its forward position, switch 110will be actuated, thus verifying to control system 100 that outer door44 has been opened. Once switch 110 is actuated, control system 100 willactuate stepper motor 58 to close the inner security doors 52, 54 in amanner that has been previously described. At this point, the customerwill place the parcel or package on the flat surface immediately to therear of outer door 42. The customer will then push outer door 42 towardits closed position, thus pushing the parcel or package onto the firstset 78 of slow rollers on the spiral guide track 76 and, in the process,returning the outer door position sensor switch 110 to its originalposition, which indicates to the control system 100 that the outer doorhas been closed. The parcel or package will be pushed into a temporaryholding space between the outer door 42 and the security doors 50. Thesystem 100 will then actuate magnetic lock 118 to ensure that the outerdoor 42 is completely closed. When the first sensor 112 (or the thirdsensor 116 in the case of the dump drop) senses the presence of anenvelope, parcel or package, control system 100 stores informationrelating to the transaction in CPU 102. Once the signal from switch 110reaches the control system 100, control system 100 will instruct steppermotor 58 to turn in a second direction, thereby opening the securitydoors 52, 54 in the previously described manner. At this point, thepackage or parcel rolls down the spiral guide track 76, and passesthrough the second photocell monitor 114. The package or parcel willcontinue to roll on guide track 76 to the deposit area near the floor ofstorage area 14. If the second photocell monitor 114 remains actuated,the control system 100 assumes that the storage area 14 is full, and thesystem 10 will no longer accept parcels or packages. If second monitorsensor 114 does not remain actuated, control system 100 displays ascreen on terminal 24 asking the customer whether the customer wouldlike to mail another item. If the customer responds in the affirmative,the entire process except for the phone number request and credit cardcheck is repeated. If the customer replies in the negative, the controlsystem 100 instructs printer 26 to print a verified deposit of receiptfor the customer. At this point, the control system 100 will display anew screen on terminal 24 thanking the customer for his or her business.

At any point in the process, the process is cancelled after a certainamount of time if the customer does not respond to a screen, in case thecustomer decided to leave.

Control system 100 also provides a master control screen for use bymaintenance personnel during servicing of the system. To cause thesystem 100 to display the master control screen on terminal 24, amaintenance person must enter a predetermined code into the key pad 28.A password must be entered and verified by the system 100. Once thepassword has been verified, control system 100 will display a screen onterminal 24 which presents the service person with four differentoptions. The first option is to return to the main program, which willterminate the master control screen. The second option is to print thepackage history log. If this option is selected, control system 100 willprint the log of all packages which have been accepted by the system 10on the manifest printer 90. At that point, the system 100 will display asecond screen on terminal 24 asking whether the log printedsatisfactorily. If an affirmative answer is received, the original fouroptions are displayed on the screen. If the answer is negative, a screenis displayed which instructs the maintenance person to align the paperand make sure the printer is on line. After a suitable amount of time,the system 100 will reprint the package log on manifest printer 90.

The third option that is presented on the master control screen is toprint the credit card log. If this option is selected, the system 100will print a log of all credit cards that have been used on the manifestprinter 90.

After printing, a screen asking whether the log printed satisfactorilywill appear on terminal 24. If the answer is affirmative, the originalfour options will again be displayed. If the answer is negative,instructions regarding the alignment of the paper and on-line status ofthe printer are again displayed, and the process of printing the creditcard log is then repeated by control system 100.

The fourth option available on the master control screen is to shut downthe program altogether. If this option is selected, the system 10 isrendered inoperative.

Each commercial delivery service which contracts with the owner of thesystem 10 also has a screen provided for the use of its servicepersonnel. To enter this mode, the delivery service person enters apre-determined password into the key pad 28. The system 100 verifieswhether the password is correct, and, if it is correct, will display ascreen which gives the delivery service person four different optionsthat can be performed by the system 10. The first option is to return tothe main program, which cancels the screen and returns the system to itscustomer interface mode. The second option is to print the manifestcheck-off sheet which, if selected, will print a list of deposits whichcustomers have selected for that particular delivery service in a sheetform which can be checked off by the delivery service person as thepackages are retrieved through the first service access opening. At thispoint, control system 100 displays a second screen on terminal 24inquiring whether the check-off sheet printed correctly. If the deliveryservice person responds in the negative, a screen is printed whichinstructs the delivery person to align the paper and make sure that theprinter is on line. Control system 100 then tries to re-print thecheck-off sheet. If the delivery service person indicates that thecheck-off sheet printed satisfactorily through key pad 28, the serviceperson, who has previously opened manifest access door 86 to obtainaccess to the manifest printer 90, will open the first service accessdoor 34 and retrieve the packages which have been selected for hisparticular delivery service. If any of the packages are found to beunsuitable for shipment in any way, the service person can open thesecond access door 40, and place the unsuitable packages in a spacebehind second service access opening 38 which has been reserved forreject packages. The operator of the system 10 can retrieve thesepackages periodically, and notify the customers by calling the phonenumber that the customer is required to enter. Once the delivery serviceperson has completed withdrawal of the packages from the storage area14, he closes and locks the first and second doors 36 and 40. He or shealso slides the platform 88 to its retracted position and closes themanifest access door and locks that door as well. A third option whichis presented in the delivery service control screen is the option toreject packages. The delivery service person records the numbers of thepackages which have been placed in the second service access opening 38.The delivery service person then selects the option to reject packageson the main option screen, and a second screen is generated to requestthe numbers of the packages that have been rejected. The service personthen enters the number of the first package that is to be rejected. Thesystem 100 stores the number of the rejected package in the memorywithin CPU 102, and then displays a screen asking whether additionalpackages are to be rejected. The process is repeated until all therejected packages are loaded into the memory of CPU 102.

The fourth option that is presented in the screen for the deliveryservice person is the option to print the final manifest. The finalmanifest is a listing of all transactions which pertain to theparticular commercial delivery service. If this option is selected, themanifest printer will print such a summary, and a screen will appear onterminal 24 asking the delivery person whether the manifest printedsatisfactorily. If the answer is negative, a screen will appear askingthe delivery service person to align the paper and make sure the printeris on line. The control system 100 will then try to reprint the finalmanifest. Once the delivery service person indicates that the manifestprinted in a satisfactory manner, the original four options will appearon the screen 24.

A modification of the first embodiment of the invention is illustratedin FIG. 6 of the drawings. In this embodiment, an adjunct packagingsupply unit 120 is positioned to one side of the system 10. Packagingsupply unit 120 includes a first door 122, a second door 124 and a tapedispenser slot 126. The first and second doors 122, 124 can be open toaccess packaging materials such as wrapping material, heavy tape, orwriting implements. The dispensing of material through the doors 122,124 and through the tape dispenser 126 may further be controlled andcoordinated through the control system 100.

Embodiment Of FIGS. 7-10

FIGS. 7-10 illustrate a system 210 constructed according to a secondembodiment of the invention. This embodiment includes an outer housing212 having an inner surface 216 and an outer surface 214. Except asspecifically described herein, system 210 is identical to the systemdescribed above in reference to the first embodiment of the invention.

As may best be seen in FIG. 7, a customer interface area 218 includes ahooded overhang 220 for sheltering a customer from bad weather such asrain or snow. An electronic scale 222, a CRT 224 and a keyboard 226 areprovided beneath the hooded overhang 220. A grid of evenly spaced lines228 is provided on a surface of the customer interface area 218 beneaththe keyboard 226 and above the scale 222 to assist a customer inmeasuring a parcel or package which is intended to be posted. A magneticcard reader 230 is also positioned in the customer interface area 218beneath hooded overhang 220, as is shown in FIG. 7. A ventilationopening 232 is defined in the outer housing 212 of the system 210, asmay further been seen in FIG. 7.

FIGS. 7 and 8 further illustrate an improved security deposit system 238including a sliding outer door 234 having a handle 236 which ispositioned for gripping by a customer within the customer interface area218 beneath hooded overhang 220. Improved security deposit system 23Eutilizes a temporary holding space 240 which is partially defined bysliding outer door 234 and a hinged inner door 246. Hinged inner door246 is arranged to be actuated by a door moving assembly consisting of astepper motor 248, and an extendable member 250 which is pivotallymounted to inner door 246 at one end thereof and is telescopinglyreceived within a casing 252 at a second end thereof. Stepper motor 248is itself mounted to outer housing 212 by a pivotal mounting assembly.When stepper motor 248 turns in a first direction, a rack and pinionarrangement causes extendable member 250 to extend from casing 252, thusopening the inner door 246. When stepper motor 248 turns in a second,opposite direction, extendable member 250 retracts within casing 252,thus closing the inner door 246.

As is perhaps best illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, sliding outer door 234is mounted within bearing tracks so as to be slidable between a firstclosed position, as is illustrated in FIG. 7, and second, open retractedposition, as is shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 8 and 9. Sliding door 234may be locked in its closed position by a magnetic lock 254, which isillustrated in FIG. 8.

As may be seen in FIGS. 8 and 9, a powered conveyer 242 is mountedwithin system 210 such that an upper run of a conveyer belt 244 thereofdefines the bottom surface of the temporary holding space 240. Thepurpose of powered conveyer 242 is to move a parcel or package placedwithin temporary holding space 240 by a customer to a passive parcel orpackage distribution device 264 within a storage area 276 defined withinouter housing 211. A first photocell sensor 256 is mounted withintemporary holding space 240 such that its detection beam will projectparallel to the conveyer belt 244 a predetermined spaced distance abovethe conveyer belt 244. First photocell sensor 256 is thus positionedinside the inner door 246. A second photocell sensor 258 is positionedoutside of the inner door 246, and is likewise spaced a predetermineddistance above the plane in which the upper run of conveyer belt 244extends. A third photocell sensor 260 is mounted so that its detectionbeam will pass through the plane defined by the upper run of conveyerbelt 244. The purpose of photocell sensors 256, 258, 260 will bedescribed in greater detail below.

A mechanical switch 262 is mounted within temporary holding space 240 insuch a manner that it is moved to a first position when sliding outerdoor 234 is moved to the retracted position from the open position, andsuch that it is moved to a second position when sliding outer door 234is pulled from the retracted position back to the closed positiondepicted in FIG. 7. Preferably, switch 262 is actuated by door 234 whendoor 234 is very close to the closed position. The purpose of switch 262will be described in greater detail below.

System 210 further includes a passive parcel or package distributiondevice 264 which is constructed and arranged to distribute parcels orpackages received from security deposit system 238 evenly throughout thestorage area 276, so that the volume within storage area 276 is utilizedmore efficiently for storing the parcels or packages than wouldotherwise be possible. In a preferred embodiment, passive parcel orpackage distribution device 264 includes a ramp 266 having an upper end268 which is positioned adjacent to the exit end of the temporaryholding space 240. Ramp 266 includes a first slide surface 270, a secondslide surface 272, and a third slide surface 274. Slide surfaces 270,272, 274 are preferably fabricated from a non-corrosive, low frictionmaterial and are shaped so that their surfaces converge at the upper end268 of ramp 266. In the illustrated embodiment, first slide surface 270is shaped so as to extend along one longitudinal portion of innersurface 216, and gradually increases in width toward the upper end 268of ramp 266. Second slide surface 272 has a triangular shape, and tapersso as to gradually decrease in width toward the upper end 268 of ramp266. Third slide surface 274 is shaped so as to also decrease in widthtoward the upper end 268 of ramp 266. Slide surfaces 270, 272, and 274are all positioned so as to slope downwardly in different planes,thereby causing a parcel or package sliding on first slide surface 270to be directed to a different portion of storage area 276 than one onsecond slide surface 272 or third slide surface 274. Likewise, a parcelor package on second slide surface 272 will be directed to a differentportion of storage area 276 than a parcel or package on third slidesurface 274. As parcels or packages begin to fill the storage area 276,the respective lower portions of slide surfaces 270, 272, 274 may beginto be impeded by the accumulated parcels or packages. In such an event,parcels or packages will continue to collect along the respectivesurfaces 270, 272, 274 until they are removed from the storage area 276.By so distributing the parcels and packages evenly throughout thestorage area 276, the passive parcel or package distribution device 264utilizes space within the storage area 276 more efficiently thanheretofore thought possible.

As perhaps best shown in FIG. 8, storage area 276 is accessed via a door278. Door 278 is preferably secured by a combination or code type lock,which can be opened by authorized personnel or representatives of acommercial delivery service. System 210 also includes a manifest printer280, which is mounted on a pedestal within a corner of storage area 276which is distal from the upper end 268 of ramp 266. Manifest printer 280performs the same function as the manifest printer described withreference to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6.

According to one important aspect of the invention, system 210 isprovided with a climate control unit 282 which is in communication withthe outside air through the ventilation opening 232. Climate controlunit 282 is preferably a combined fan and heater unit. In warm weather,climate control 282 simply circulates outside air through the storagearea 276 to keep heat and humidity within the storage area 276 to aminimum. When outside temperatures fall beneath a predetermined level,the heater element within climate control unit 282 is actuated, thusheating the storage area 276 to a predetermined minimum temperature.Preferably, outer housing 212 is fabricated from an insulating material.Most preferably outer housing 212 is fabricated from a metallic innerwall, a metallic outer wall and insulative material between the innerand outer walls.

Alternatively, climate control unit 282 may further incorporate an airconditioner unit for keeping the temperature within storage area 276 ata predetermined temperature and humidity which is less than thetemperature and humidity of the outside air. This is preferablyaccomplished by incorporating a heat pump into climate control unit 282,which can provide heating of the storage area 276 during cold periods,and cooling of the storage area 276 during warmer, more humid periods.Climate control unit 282, in conjunction with the hooded overhang 220,makes system 210 convenient and safe to use in outdoor, unshelteredapplication sites.

The operation of system 210 is identical to that described above withreference to the first embodiment of the invention, except as describedotherwise below.

First, a customer approaches the customer interface area 218, and layswhatever personal effects he or she may have upon the platform which isadjacent to scale 222. The customer then measures the dimensions of theitem being shipped on the indicia 228 which is provided adjacent to theplatform. In response to inquiries made to the CRT 224, the customerenters complete addressing information through the keyboard 226. Afteran inquiry procedure which is identical to that described above withreference to the first embodiment of the invention, a printer (notshown) prints out an address label containing the address informationinput by the customer. The customer then applies the label to the parcelor package. Once this process is complete, the PLC 104, schematicallydepicted in FIG. 10, deactivates magnetic lock 254. FIG. 10 illustratesthe control system 100' for the embodiment of FIGS. 7-9. The customer isthen instructed on the CRT 224 to open the outer sliding door 234. Thecustomer then slides the outer door 234 to the left and places theparcel, package or letter on the upper run of the conveyor belt 244.When sliding door 234 is sufficiently open, switch 110 is actuated, andthe CRT screen is modified to instruct the customer to again close thesliding door 234. When the customer closes the sliding door 243, switch110 is again actuated, causing the PLC 104 to activate the conveyer 242for a predetermined length of time.

If the customer is mailing a thin letter, first photocell sensor 252will not detect that letter, since the first photocell sensor 256 ismounted a predetermined distance above the plane in which the upper runof the conveyer belt 244 is positioned. In that case, the letter travelson conveyer belt 244 and is propelled beneath the lower surface of theinner door 246 directly onto the ramp 266. At this point, the letterwill be detected by the third photocell 260, and the PLC will reactivatemagnetic lock 254. Alternatively, the second photocell sensor 258 can bepositioned to detect a letter at this point, in addition to its packagedetection capabilities. In this case, the third photocell sensor 260 isnot necessary. The letter will then travel down one of the slidesurfaces 270, 272, 274 of ramp 266, depending upon the size and centerof mass of the envelope, and the lateral positioning of that envelopeupon the conveyer belt 244 by the customer.

If it is a parcel or package being posted by the customer, that parcelor package will be detected by the first photocell sensor 256 as ittravels toward the storage area 276 within the temporary holding space240 on conveyer belt 244. Once PLC 104 learns that first photocellsensor 256 has been actuated, PLC 104 instructs stepper motor 248 toopen inner door 246. At this point, PLC 104 also reactivates magneticlock 254. As the parcel or package advances, it will also be detected bysecond photocell sensor 258. During the period of detection, no actionis taken. When the parcel or package advances to the extent that it nolonger activates the second photocell sensor 258, PLC 104 instructsstepper motor 248 to close the inner door 246. As the parcel or packagemoves forward at this point, it may contact the surface of the innerdoor 246, and be deflected somewhat to the left as viewed in FIG. 8. Atthis point, the parcel or package will be directed down one of thedifferent slide surfaces 270, 272, 274 of the ramp 266. The redirectingeffect created by the inner door 246, in conjunction with the divergentslide surfaces, tend to evenly distribute parcels and packages withinthe storage space.

Embodiment Of FIGS. 11-19

FIGS. 11-19 illustrate an improved system 310 for accepting and storingparcels and packages for subsequent pick-up by a commercial carrierwhich is constructed in accordance with a third embodiment of theinvention. As shown in FIG. 11, system 310 includes an outer housing 312having an outer surface 314, an inner surface 316 (FIG. 13), and anenclosed customer interface area 318 that can be accessed by a customerby means of a door 320.

FIG. 12 is a closer view of the customer interface area 318. Customerinterface area 318 includes a display device such as a CRT 322, akeyboard 324, a label printer 326, and a credit card reader 328.Customer interface area 318 further includes an outer door 330 with ahandle 332 adapted for gripping by a customer to provide selectiveaccess to an intermediate holding space 334 for holding the packagebefore the customer relinquishes control of it. A magnetic lock 254 isprovided for locking the outer door 330 in a closed position, as was thecase in the previously described embodiments.

FIGS. 13 and 14 better illustrate the intermediate holding space 334. Asshown, intermediate holding space 334 is partially defined by outer door330, an inner door 336, and by an upper run 338 of an underlyingconveyer belt 340. Upper run 338 defines a support surface 354 on whicha parcel, package or letter and the like may be placed by a customer.Preferably, upper run 338 of conveyer belt 340 has markings 342 thereonthat indicate to a customer that a parcel, package or letter 378 is tobe placed at a predetermined position on the support surface 354, suchas the forward right hand corner of the intermediate holding space 334.The operation of conveyer belt 340 is controlled in response toinstructions from a microprocessor 382, as will be described in greaterdetail below. A photocell sensor 344 is preferably provided adjacent tothe forward right hand corner of the intermediate holding space 334 toverify that a customer has placed the parcel, package or letter 378 inthe proper position.

As also illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, system 310 further includes anovel dimensioning 346 system for measuring the dimensions of theparcel, package or letter 378 when it is positioned on the markings 342in the intermediate holding space 334. Dimensioning system 346 includesa sensor 348, which is positioned in the rear of the intermediateholding space 334, preferably on inner door 336, a sensor 350, which ispreferably positioned on the forward left side of the intermediateholding space 334, and a sensor 352, which is preferably positioned inthe upper right hand corner of the intermediate holding space 334.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, sensors 348, 350 and 352 may be ultrasonicdistance transducers for measuring the length, width, and height of theparcel, package or letter 378. In operation, the transducers 348, 350and 352 emit sound waves that bounce off of the parcel, package orletter 378. The echoed sound waves are then detected by the respectivetransducers 348, 350, and 352, and the time difference between theemission and receipt of the sound wave is calculated. The timedifference value is then divided by the speed of sound and converted toa voltage representative of the distance of the parcel, package orletter 378 from the respective transducer. This calculation is performedabout once every second using the apparatus illustrated in more detailbelow in FIG. 17.

FIGS. 15A-15D illustrate alternative embodiments for the dimensioningsystem 346. For example, transducers 348, 350 and 352 of FIGS. 13 and 14may be replaced by respective light curtain sensors 400, 402, 404, 406,408, and 410 as shown in FIG. 15A. As shown in FIG. 15A, light curtainsensors 400 and 402 measure the width of parcel, package or letter 378,light curtain sensors 404 and 406 measure the height of parcel 378, andlight curtain sensors 408 and 410 measure the length of parcel 378.However, in a retroflective system the receive sensors 402, 406 and 410may be replaced by a mirror and the transmit sensors 400, 404, and 408replaced by a light transducer. As shown in FIG. 15A, the light curtainsensors 400-410 communicate with a microprocessor 382 via a controldevice 412 which, for example, converts the analog voltage readings fromthe sensors 402, 406, and 410 into digital signals for processing bymicroprocessor 382. During operation, the opposed sensor pairs generatea "curtain" of precisely synchronized infrared light beams. When theparcel or letter 378 is placed in proper alignment on markings 342 ofthe support surface 354, certain of the light beams are blocked. Anappropriate analog or digital value is then transmitted tomicroprocessor 382 via control device 412. The calculated dimensions arethen displayed to the customer on display device 322. This measurementinformation is sent from each sensor approximately once everymillisecond.

As shown in FIG. 15B, a holographic measuring system also may be used tomeasure the dimensions of parcel or letter 378. The holographicmeasuring system of FIG. 15B includes a holographic scanner 414 havingone or more internal mirrors for reflecting light to parcel or letter378 for detecting the package dimensions. In addition, the holographicscanner 414 may also detect a bar coded label on the parcel or letter378. As known by those skilled in the art, mirrors within holographicscanner 414 are moved to permit the holographic scanner 414 to "see" allsides of the parcel or letter 378. Holographic scanner 414 communicatesthe detected measurements to microprocessor 382 via control device 412which, for example, converts the analog dimensions into digital signalsfor processing by microprocessor 382. During operation, the holographicscanner 414 scans the parcel or letter 378 and generates dimension datafrom the echoed light rays in accordance with techniques known by thoseskilled in the art. The resulting dimensions are then displayed to thecustomer on display device 322 under control of microprocessor 382.Alternatively, holographic scanner 414 may not include internal mirrorsand instead include an active scan mechanism as shown in FIG. 15C. Inother words, as shown in FIG. 15C, the holographic scanner 414 of FIG.15B may be replaced by an active scan device 416 which is moved along atrack 418 to scan the parcel or letter 378. This embodiment otherwiseworks in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 15B.

As shown in FIG. 15D, a laser measuring system may also be used tomeasure the dimensions of parcel or letter 378. The laser measuringsystem of FIG. 15D includes laser transducers 420, 422, and 424 whichprovide continuous voltage readings to control device 412.Microprocessor 382 determines the parcel's measurements from the angleof the emitted light received at the receiver. Mirrors may also be usedfor directing the light as desired. Transducers 420, 422 and 424communicate the detected measurements to microprocessor 382 via controldevice 412 which, for example, converts the analog dimensions intodigital signals for processing by microprocessor 382. The calculateddimensions are then displayed to the customer on display device 322under control of microprocessor 382.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, system 310 further includes a weighingsystem 356 that is capable of weighing the parcel 378 while the parcel378 is positioned in the intermediate holding space 334. Weighing system356 preferably includes one or more load cells 358, which are positionedto measure the entire weight of the conveyer belt 340 and its associatedstructural support 360. This is illustrated schematically in FIG. 16.The load cells 358 provide input to microprocessor 382. By comparing theweight of the entire conveyer assembly 340 without and with the package378 thereon, the weight of the parcel 378 can be accurately determinedusing such load cells 358.

Another advantageous feature of system 310 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 isthe provision of a stacking system 362 for stacking the parcel 378 inthe storage area that is provided at the rear of the unit. Stackingsystem 362 preferably includes a slide 376 for permitting the parcel 378to slide from the intermediate holding space 334 onto a platform 370. Asshown in FIG. 14, platform 370 is mounted to pivot about a hinge 372 ina plane that is substantially perpendicular to the plane of slide 376. Adrive mechanism 374 that includes a step motor 380 is responsive toinstructions from the microprocessor 382 to control rotation of theplatform 370 about the hinge 372. A stop surface 368 is provided to stopthe parcel 378 from sliding past the platform 370. During operation,platform 370 is rotated about hinge 372 by step motor 380 for stackingof the parcel 378 on the floor of the storage area as shown in FIG. 14.Preferably, step motor 380 includes an overcurrent detector so thatplatform will not attempt to rotate if it is blocked by another parcel,as when the storage area is full.

FIG. 17 illustrates the control system for the embodiment of FIGS.11-16. As with the previous embodiments, the control system illustratedin FIG. 17 coordinates the various sensors, motors, and input/outputdevices throughout the system. As schematically illustrated in FIG. 17,the control system includes a microprocessor 382 which receives inputfrom the various components of the system 310 and provides theappropriate control outputs. Operation of the system 310 is preferablycontrolled by software implemented by microprocessor 382 as will bedescribed in more detail below with respect to FIGS. 18 and 19.

As with the previous embodiments, inputs to microprocessor 382 includethe magnetic card reader 328, the keyboard 324, and the electronic scale356. Other inputs include a power supply 106 which provides power to themicroprocessor 382 and the various electrical components of the system310 of the invention as well as a program input device 108 which ispreferably a keyboard provided in a panel behind the customer interfacearea 318. Program input device 108 allows the software of microprocessor382 to be accessed for updating by service personnel. Microprocessor 382preferably contains sufficient memory (ROM and/or RAM) for receiving thedata input from the program input device 108. Other inputs tomicroprocessor 382 include first, second and third sensors 356, 358 and360, respectively, which correspond to sensors 256, 258 and 260 of theembodiment of FIG. 7-10. Parcel position sensor or photo eye 344provides and input to microprocessor 382 indicating whether the parcelor letter 378 to be shipped is placed properly on the markings 342 ofthe conveyor belt 340. Outputs from microprocessor 382 include manifestprinter 90, receipt printer 326 and CRT 322, which in a preferredembodiment includes a touch screen display which also enables thecustomer to input information into microprocessor 382. Thus, CRT 322 isused in conjunction with keyboard 324 to provide the necessary inputfrom a customer to microprocessor 382.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 11-16, microprocessor 382 also sendsactivation signals to and receives outputs from dimensioning sensors 346representing the dimensions of the object to be mailed. Microprocessor382 also activates and receives overcurrent signals from inner doormotor 248 and slide lift motor 380 indicating that movement of the innerdoor or slide lift, respectively, is blocked in some manner and thatpower to the motors should be shut off. The magnetic lock 254 on theouter door 330 is also controlled by microprocessor 382 during operationas will be described below with respect to FIGS. 18A and 18B. Inaddition, conveyor 340 is activated by microprocessor 382 and alsooutputs a signal indicating that it is reset and ready for the nextpackage. Finally, service personnel may also provide input via a servicepersonnel input device 386 such as a keyboard or keypad behind thecustomer interface area 318 in the storage area. Input device 386 allowsservice personnel to accept or reject packages found in the storagearea. In addition, microprocessor 382 may provide information to theservice personnel upon receipt of certain codes via the input device386. For example, microprocessor 382 may provide the manifestinformation directly into the service personnel's DIAD board so that allthe shipping information may be taken away in electronic form forfurther processing.

A description of the software which is operated upon by microprocessor382 as well as description of the operation of the third embodiment ofthe invention will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS.18A and 18B.

As in the previous embodiments, system 310 of the third embodiment isdeployed to a location which is considered convenient to potentialcustomers. Once the system 310 is positioned, the microprocessor 382 isprogrammed to interface with potential customers by providing thenecessary programming input via the program input device 108. In apreferred embodiment, the programming software is written in an eventdriven language such as LabVIEW® available from National InstrumentsCorp. Such event driven software provides a graphical data flow whichfacilitates the design and troubleshooting of the software. Typically,the loaded information includes the appropriate zone and weight chargesfor all client delivery services as well as the delivery servicesavailable from the licensed commercial delivery service providers. Theprogrammer also loads the corresponding fee files which correspond toeach client delivery service available at that location. Once all suchinformation has been loaded into microprocessor 382, system 310 is readyto interact with potential customers.

To begin a shipping transaction, a customer approaches the system 310and enters the customer interface area 318 via door 320. The customerthen touches the appropriate portion of the touch screen of CRT 322 toinitiate operation of the system 310. The system software then guidesthe customer through the shipping transaction as follows.

Upon initialization of system 310 at step 500, it is determined at step502 whether the customer has initiated a shipping operation by touchingthe touch screen of CRT 322. If not, a promotional video demonstrationis displayed on the CRT 322 at step 504. This promotional videodemonstration may include a short demonstration (30-45 seconds) ofoperation of the system 310 as well as customer instructions, adefinition of services, a schedule of pick-up times and the like. Thispromotional video demonstration repeats constantly until input from thecustomer is detected at step 502. Upon initiation of a shippingoperation at step 502, the customer is instructed at step 506 to inserthis or her credit card into the magnetic card reader 328 to provide thenecessary payment and identification information. A credit card check isthen initiated. Alternatively, a personal debit card provided to thecustomer may also be read by magnetic card reader 328 for this purpose.

The name of the customer is preferably taken from the customer's creditcard or personal debit card to personalize the interaction. If the cardis validated, a prompt is displayed on CRT 322 which asks the customerfor a phone number where the customer can normally be reached. After thecustomer enters the phone number through keyboard 324, the number isevaluated to determine whether it meets predetermined criteria, such aswhether the number is either 7 or 10 digits. If it does not, a secondprompt is displayed on the CRT 322 which asks the customer to re-enterthe number. Of course, the customer's return address may also berequested. However, "smart" debit cards may be used which include thecustomer's return address on the magnetic strip, or alternatively, suchinformation may be stored in a database and written to the customer'spersonal debit card. In accordance with the invention, when a creditcard is used and no return address is obtained from the customer, thedelivery service carrier or the operator of the system 310 would takeresponsibility for any packages or letters not properly mailed. However,by providing a mechanism for accepting the return address from thecustomer and/or reading the return address off of the customer'spersonal debit card, the shipper's liability for dealing with improperlymailed packages may be minimized.

If the information provided by the customer in step 506 is determined tobe valid at step 508 (and the credit is validated), the transaction ispermitted to proceed. If not, a prompt is displayed on CRT 322instructing the customer to pass his or her credit card or personaldebit card through the card reader 328 a second time. Once the card isvalidated, the customer is again asked for his or her telephone number.Once the transaction is permitted to proceed, the magnetic log 254 isopened to unlock the outer door 330 at step 510. Scale 356 is alsozeroed and prepared for weighing the parcel or envelope 378 to beshipped.

At this point, the customer is instructed to place the parcel orenvelope onto markings 342 in the intermediate holding space 334. Thecustomer is also instructed to push the parcel or envelope 378 so thatit abuts against the sides of the intermediate holding space 334 at theupper right hand corner of the intermediate holding space 334 adjacentmarkings 342. Once photo cell sensor 344 detects the presence of theparcel or envelope 378, the customer is instructed at step 512 to selecta package type. For example, package types include a letter, a pak or apackage or any other package type which may be accepted by the deliveryservice. Once the customer selects the package type at step 512, theparcel or letter is weighed by scale 356 and its dimensions arerepeatedly taken by dimensioning sensors 346 at step 514. If it isdetermined that the package, parcel or envelope exceeds a predeterminedweight maximum, which is preferably approximately 70 lbs., a message isdisplayed on the CRT 322 to the effect that system 310 cannot acceptpackages which exceed the predetermined weight limit. Similarly, if thepackage is oversized, either it will not fit through the outer door 330,or the dimension data will cause an appropriate message to be sent tothe customer. Preferably, several weight and dimensioning measurementsare taken at step 514, the high, low and extreme values thrown out, andthe measurements averaged to obtain a more accurate reading. It is thendetermined at step 516 whether the weight and dimensioning data isvalid, and if not, the customer may be instructed to enter the dimensiondata manually at step 518. This may be accomplished by the customer byreading the dimensions off of a dimensioning grid (not shown) providedon the inside surface of the intermediate holding space 334. At thispoint, a density calculation may be performed for determining thedensity of the parcel to be shipped. The density information is usefulto the delivery service when determining appropriate handling of theparcel for shipment.

Once the weight and dimensions of the package have been determined atsteps 514 through 518, the customer is prompted to provide the necessaryshipping information. For example, a screen is displayed which requeststhe customer to enter the zip code of the destination of the item to bemailed. In a preferred embodiment, an automatic zip code check routineis invoked for automatically providing the destination city and statefrom the zip code information by searching a data base of zip codes.This routine saves the customer from having to enter the city and stateinformation. The customer is next asked whether the recipient's shippingaddress is a commercial or residential location and then asked to inputthe destination name and destination street address for the item to beshipped. The zip code and other destination information is preferablyinputted into the system via the keyboard 324, although the informationmay also be provided via the touch screen of CRT 322. The zip code andother information may be evaluated against certain criteria such aswhether a 5 digit zip code has been entered. If such criteria are notmet, a screen is displayed to the customer which instructs the customerto re-enter the zip code or other information. If the criteria are met,a screen is displayed on CRT 322 instructing the customer to enter thevalue of the item that is being shipped. The customer then enters thevalue of the item through keyboard 324 or the touch screen of CRT 322.This information is evaluated to determine whether the declared valueexceeds a predetermined maximum. If the predetermined maximum isexceeded, a screen is displayed on CRT 322 instructing the customer tore-enter the valuation information. This process is repeated until thedestination name, street address, value and contents are properlyentered. At the customer's request, the software of the invention mayalso automatically insure the package up to a predetermined maximum. Allof this data is then checked at step 522 to determine whether it isvalid, and, if not, the customer is given an opportunity at step 524 toedit the shipping information as desired.

Once all of the shipping information has been properly entered, thedelivery date and cost for each delivery service available to thecustomer is computed at step 526. In computing the delivery date, thesoftware takes into account weekends, holidays and other days in whichno delivery service is available when calculating for each service whenthe package can be expected to be delivered. The cost for each availabledelivery service is also calculated using the weight and dimensioninginformation as well as the destination data. The delivery date and costfor all available service options are then displayed to the customer onthe CRT 322. This allows the customer to make an informed judgmentregarding which delivery service is desired on the basis of cost andprojected delivery date. The customer may also be given an opportunityto select weekend delivery, as available. The customer then selects thedesired service option at 528. For example, the customer may selectsecond day air for Saturday delivery. All data regarding the customer'sselection is then displayed to the customer on CRT 322 so that thecustomer can determine at step 530 whether all of the proper informationhas been provided. If not, the customer is given an opportunity at step532 to edit this information before the label is printed at step 534.

In a preferred embodiment, the system 310 may automatically provide, orthe customer may elect to provide, tracking information on the label ofthe parcel or envelope being shipped. This is accomplished by printing abar code on the label in addition to the destination information. Thistracking bar code enables the carrier service to keep track of thatpackage or envelope using that bar code in accordance with knowntechniques. On the other hand, the tracking bar code label also may beused to validate receipt of the proper package in the intermediateholding space 334 using a holographic scanner as described above.

Once all of the label information has been verified by the customer, thelabel is printed and applied to the parcel or envelope by the customer.The customer is then instructed to reposition the parcel or envelope onmarkings 342 of the conveyor belt 340 (if the package was removed toapply the label) and to close the outer door 330. At this point, a veryimportant validation step is performed. In particular, the system 310determines at step 536 whether it has received the correct package. Thisstep is critical since it verifies that the customer did not perform apackage switch or forget to replace the package in the intermediatestorage area 334 for shipment. Such validation may be accomplished inseveral different ways in accordance with the invention. For example, ina simple embodiment, photo cell sensor 344 may simply detect whether anypackage has been placed on the conveyor belt 340. If so, it is presumedthat the package on the conveyor belt 340 is the appropriate packagewith the appropriate label. On the other hand, in accordance with apreferred embodiment of the invention, the package is automaticallyreweighed and/or redimensioned once the customer has closed the outerdoor 330 (and hence the parcel or envelope cannot be accessed by thecustomer). If the reweighing and redimensioning results in approximatelythe same readings as when the package was previously weighed anddimensioned, it is presumed that the package placed on the conveyor belt340 is the same package for which the label was printed. If there issuch a match, microprocessor 382 activates magnetic lock 254 at step 542to lock the outer door 330 to prevent further access to the package bythe customer. On the other hand, if the reweighed and redimensionedpackage is determined not to correspond to the original package forwhich the label was printed, magnetic lock 254 is deactivated and theouter door 330 will not be permitted to close. An error message is thensent to the customer at step 540 requesting the customer to place theproper package on the conveyor belt. The validation process is thenrepeated at step 536 a predetermined number of times before thetransaction is aborted. Once the outer door is locked at step 542, theconveyor belt 340 is advanced at step 544 to move the parcel or envelopeinto the storage area.

Upon activation of the conveyor belt 340, the inner door motor 248 isalso activated at step 546 to open the inner door to the storage area.However, if an overcurrent is detected at step 548 indicating that thestorage area is full, an error message is sent to the customer at step550 and an appropriate message sent to service personnel. If noovercurrent is detected at step 548, sensors 356, 358 and 360 detectmovement of the package or envelope 378 through the inner door 336 untilit is detected at step 552 that the package has passed through the innerdoor 336. However, if the parcel 378 does not pass through the innerdoor 336 within a predetermined amount of time, or if an overcurrentsignal is received from the inner door motor 248 indicating that theinner door 336 is jammed for some reason, an error message is sent tothe customer at step 554 and the transaction is aborted. In the event ofsuch a failure, the appropriate message is sent to service personnel,and the customer will be issued a receipt indicating that the packagehas been accepted so that the customer may then terminate his or hertransaction. The conveyor belt 340 is then reset at step 556 for thenext package.

Once the inner door 336 is completely open, the parcel or envelope 378slides down slide 376 to stacking system 362. After a sufficient timehas passed for the parcel or letter 378 to slide to the stacking system362, microprocessor 382 activates the slide lift motor 380 at step 558to operate the stacking mechanism 362. However, if an overcurrent isdetected at step 560 indicating that the storage area is full or thatthe stacking system 362 is jammed, an error message is sent to thecustomer at step 562 and an appropriate message sent to servicepersonnel. However, if no overcurrent is detected, the inner door 336 isclosed at step 564. However, if an overcurrent is detected at step 566during closing of the inner door, it is determined that the inner dooris jammed, and an error message is generated at step 568. Otherwise, theshipping transaction for the first parcel or envelope is complete andthe customer is asked at step 570 whether he or she desires to shipanother package. If so, control returns to step 510 and theabove-described shipping process is repeated. Preferably, the shippingdata from the first transaction repopulates the input fields in order tominimize the customer's input time (since more than one package is oftensent to the same destination).

After completion of a transaction for shipping a package at step 570,the customer is given an option at step 572 to purchase shippingsupplies. If the customer desires to purchase shipping supplies, thecustomer makes his or her selections and inputs his or her mailingaddress at step 574 so that these supplies may be shipped directly tothe customer. Appropriate deductions are made from the customer's creditor debit card. A receipt is then printed at step 576 indicating thepackage(s) received by the system 310 and/or the mailing items selectedby the customer. Thus, the receipt is only printed once the parcel orenvelope is safely within the storage area. The shipping manifest isalso updated. System diagnostics are then performed at step 578 as willbe described in more detail below with respect to FIG. 19. Control thenreturns to step 502 where the system displays the promotional videodemonstration and waits for further customer input.

The display to the customer preferably integrates voice prompting forguiding the customer through the transaction. The system 310 alsopreferably allows the customer to cancel a shipping transaction at anytime or to request help as needed. Also, a time out mechanism ispreferably provided to abort a transaction when an input has not beenreceived in a predetermined amount of time. Thus, at any point in ashipping transaction prior to package acceptance, the shippingtransaction may be aborted if the customer does not respond to a screenin a predetermined amount of time.

As in the previous embodiments, the system 310 also provides a mastercontrol screen for use by maintenance personnel during servicing of thesystem 310. To cause the system to display the master control screen onCRT 322, a maintenance person must enter a predetermined password intothe keyboard 324. Once the password has been verified, themicroprocessor 382 will display a screen on CRT 322 which presents theservice person with at least four options. The first option is to returnto the main program, which will terminate the master control screen. Thesecond option is to print the package history log. If this option isselected, microprocessor 382 will print on manifest printer 90 a log ofall packages which have been accepted by the system 310 during thedesignated time interval. At that point, the system 310 will display asecond screen on CRT 322 asking whether the log printed satisfactorily.If an affirmative answer is received, the original four options aredisplayed on the screen. If the answer is negative, a screen isdisplayed which instructs the maintenance person to align the paper andto make sure the manifest printer 90 is on line. After a suitable amountof time, the system 310 will reprint the package log on manifest printer90.

The third option that is presented on the master control screen is toprint the credit card log. When this option is selected, the system 310will print on the manifest printer 90 a log of all credit cards thathave been used. After printing, a screen asking whether the log printedsatisfactorily will appear on CRT 322. If the answer is affirmative, theoriginal four options will again be displayed. If the answer isnegative, instructions regarding the alignment of the paper and on-linestatus of the manifest printer 90 are again displayed, and the processof printing the credit card log is repeated.

The fourth option available through the master control screen will shutdown the program altogether. If this option is selected, the system 310is rendered inoperative. Servicing may then be performed.

As noted above with respect to the other embodiments, parcels andenvelopes in the storage area are picked up regularly by the servicedelivery persons. Typically, these delivery persons will arrive atapproximately the same time every day. Accordingly, in a preferredembodiment, the manifest for the packages in the storage area mayautomatically print out at the same time every day just prior to thescheduled arrival time of the delivery person. On the other hand, thedelivery person may use input device 386 to request a printout of themanifest for all transactions since the last manifest was printed.Preferably, the manifest information is formatted in the proper formatfor that particular service provider. In addition, a summary report mayalso be provided to the delivery person. As noted above, such data maybe provided to the delivery person's DIAD board in electronic format byproviding a suitable output connection. Service personnel input device386 may also be used to allow the delivery person to verify the packagecount and to accept or reject a particular package 378 within thestorage area.

In accordance with another aspect of the invention, system diagnosticsare performed after each transaction and/or every several minutes. Suchdiagnostics may be performed by having microprocessor 382 actively pollthe active elements of the system 310 for status and/or by having theactive elements send status interrupts to microprocessor 382. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 19, after system 310 has been idle at step600, it is determined at step 602 whether a customer transaction hasended or whether a predetermined amount of time has elapsed. If so, thesystem components such as those shown in FIG. 17 are polled at 604. Ifan error is detected at step 606, error correction procedures areperformed at step 608. For example, if it is detected that the innerdoor 336 is jammed, the conveyor belt 340 is activated and an attempt ismade to open the inner door 336. On the other hand, a watchdog timer mayalso be provided which automatically reboots the software if no softwarepulse is received in a predetermined amount of time. Such a techniqueprevents software lockup. The system components are then re-polled atstep 610 to determine whether the error correction procedures eliminatedthe error. If so, at step 612 the system 310 is placed back in the idlestate. However, if the error was not eliminated, the system 310 isautomatically shut down at step 614 and the remote monitoring facilityis automatically called at step 616. In a preferred embodiment, theremote monitoring facility is connected to the system 310 via atelephone communications link or some other type of link over which asystem file with an error description may be transmitted. In otherwords, the diagnostic and error data is automatically transmitted to theremote monitoring facility upon detection of an error so thatmaintenance personnel may be promptly notified to perform maintenanceoperations on that system 310.

When communicating with the remote monitoring facility, the system 310may send transaction data and credit card charges for all transactionsthat occurred during a particular day or other time period. In thismanner, the remote monitoring facility may be provided with a history ofusage including when customers cancel so that steps may be taken to makethe system 310 more user friendly to minimize such customercancellations. Also, a record of errors may be maintained and packagesupply orders may be maintained in separate files to facilitateprocessing. Preferably, such data is encrypted and then decrypted at thehome office in order to prevent unauthorized access.

Embodiment Of FIGS. 20-22

FIGS. 20-22 illustrate a stand alone automated shipping system 700constructed in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention forgenerating an appropriate mailing label for application to a parcel,package or envelope for shipment via a commercial carrier. The systemillustrated in FIG. 20 is designed for maximum efficiency in a hightraffic retail environment such as grocery and hardware stores. It isoperated by the customer so that retail store employees are not tied upby the complicated paperwork, weighing and calculating chargespreviously involved in the shipping of small packages. Also, since alldata is transferred directly from the customer to the carrier via thesystem 700, the liability due to error and omissions of the retailemployees is greatly reduced.

In this embodiment of the invention, information provided by thecustomer is used to generate an appropriate mailing label which is thenapplied to the parcel, package or envelope by the customer. The parcel,package or envelope with the label is then provided to a retail clerkwho validates receipt of the package and provides an appropriate receiptto the customer. The retail clerk then places the package in anappropriate location for subsequent pick-up by a commercial carrier.

The embodiment of FIGS. 20-22 thus differs from the previous embodimentsin that it is semi-attended, i.e., a clerk is needed to take the parcelor envelope from the customer, to store the parcel or envelope in asecure storage area, and to validate receipt of the parcel or envelope.

This embodiment is otherwise quite similar to the third embodiment.

As illustrated in FIG. 20, the system 700 includes a computer terminalwith a CRT 702, a keyboard 704, and a scale 706 for weighing a parcel708. Preferably, a measuring grid 710 is also provided on the surfaceincluding the scale 706 to enable the customer to readily determine themeasurements of the parcel 708. A magnetic card reader 712 and a labeland receipt printer 714 are also provided as in the previousembodiments. These components all rest on a cabinet 715 which houses themanifest printer 716 and the microprocessor 718. Preferably, access tothe manifest printer 716 and microprocessor 718 is limited to servicepersonnel by locking the doors 719 to the cabinet 715. As will bedescribed in more detail below, this embodiment also includes aproximity sensor 720 which senses the presence of a customer andactivates a voice file which welcomes the customer to the system usingspeaker 722.

Generally, prior to using the system 700, the customer prepares a parcelor envelope 708 for shipping. The customer then uses the system 700 ofthe invention to pay for the shipment with a credit card if a creditcard payment option is desired and to generate an appropriate shippinglabel and receipt. The customer then applies the shipping label to theparcel or envelope 708 to be shipped. The customer then brings theparcel or envelope 708 and receipt to the designated counter for payingthe charges for shipment (if cash payment is desired) and deposits thepackage with the attendant. The attendant then stamps and initials thereceipt to validate the shipment and receipt of the parcel or envelope708 from the customer. The attendant then stores the package in a securearea until the carrier retrieves the package for shipment.

Obviously, this system is substantially simplified from the embodimentsdescribed above since the storage and validation process is performed byan attendant. However, the system 700 retains the benefits of theunattended systems described above in that convenience to the customeris greatly enhanced.

FIG. 21 illustrates a control system for the embodiment of FIG. 20. Asin the previous embodiments, the control system illustrated in FIG. 21coordinates the various sensors and input/output devices of the system.As schematically illustrated in FIG. 21, the control system includes amicroprocessor 718 which receives inputs from the various components ofthe system 700 and provides the appropriate control outputs. Operationof the system 700 is preferably controlled by software implemented bymicroprocessor 718 as will be described in more detail below withrespect to FIG. 22.

As in the previous embodiments, inputs to microprocessor 718 include themagnetic card reader 712, the keyboard 704, and the electronic scale706. Other inputs include a power supply 106 which provides power to themicroprocessor 718 and the various electrical components of the system700 as well as a program input device 108 which is preferably a keyboardprovided in the cabinet 715. As with the previous embodiments, programinput device 108 allows the software of microprocessor 718 to beaccessed for updating by service personnel. Microprocessor 718preferably contains sufficient memory (ROM and/or RAM) for receiving thedata input from the program input device 108.

Other inputs to microprocessor 718 include the touch screen CRT 702 anda service personnel device 386 of the type described above. Preferably,the service personnel input device 386 is also located in the cabinet715. As in the third embodiment, microprocessor 718 may also provideinformation to the service personnel upon receipt of certain codes viathe input device 386. For example, microprocessor 718 may provide themanifest information directly into the service personnel's DIAD board sothat all the shipping information may be taken away in electronic formfor further processing.

Outputs from microprocessor 718 include manifest printer 716, label andreceipt printer 714, and CRT 702. CRT 702 is used in conjunction withkeyboard 704 to provide the necessary input from a customer tomicroprocessor 718.

In this embodiment, microprocessor 718 also receives an input from aproximity sensor 720 which senses the presence of a customer andactivates a voice file within the microprocessor 718 to outputinformation to the customer via a speaker 722.

A description of the software which is operated upon by microprocessor718 as well as a description of the operation of the fourth embodimentof the invention will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS.22(A) and 22(B).

As noted above, system 700 is preferably deployed in a retailestablishment such a grocery or hardware store. Once the system 700 isin place, the microprocessor 718 is programmed to interface withpotential customers by providing the necessary programming input via theprogram input device 108. As in the third embodiment, the programmingsoftware is preferably written in an event driven language such asLabVIEW ® available from National Instruments Corp. Such event drivensoftware provides a graphical data flow which facilitates the design andtroubleshooting of the software. Typically, the loaded informationincludes the appropriate zone and weight charges for all client deliveryservices as well as the delivery services available from the licensedcommercial delivery service providers. The programmer also loads thecorresponding fee files which correspond to each client delivery serviceavailable at that location. Once all such information has been loaded inthe microprocessor 718, system 700 is ready to interact with potentialcustomers.

Upon approaching the system 700 of the invention, the customer will seegraphics and information on CRT 702 describing the services available.Typically, three or four screens scroll every fifteen seconds. When thecustomer is approximately 24-30 inches away from the CRT 702, proximitysensor 720 senses the customer's presence and activates a voice file forwelcoming the customer using speaker 722. The system 700 is now readyfor processing a parcel or envelope for shipment. On the other hand, thecustomer may touch the appropriate portion of the touch screen of CRT702 to initiate operation of the system 700. Once activated, thesoftware of system 700 guides the customer through the shippingtransaction as illustrated in FIGS. 22(A)-(C).

Upon initialization of the system 700 at step 800, the customer is givenan option to see and hear a video demonstration illustrating theoperation of the system 700.

If the customer provides input at step 802 by touching a "demonstration"button displayed on CRT 702, a 7-10 screen demonstration is displayed atstep 804 which is accompanied by screen graphics and voice. The customermay cancel the demonstration at any time by touching a "cancel" buttonon CRT 702.

To begin the shipping process, the customer touches a "start shippingprocess" button displayed on CRT 702. The customer is then directed toprovide the necessary payment and identification information at step806. Help in operating the system 700 may be obtained at any time bytouching a "help" button displayed on CRT 702. As with the previousembodiments, the shipping process also may be cancelled at any time upto the point where the shipment label is verified. The shipping processis cancelled by touching a "quit" button displayed on CRT 702.

Different types of credit or debit cards as well as cash are suitablefor payment at step 806. Typically, bank credit cards and vendor issueddebit or credit cards are used. At step 808, system 700 checks to see ifthe card is valid and not recorded in a "bad" card file. However, ifcash is selected for payment, this is recorded by the system 700 and isindicated on the label. The cash is then collected by the cashier at thetime of depositing the package at the appropriate counter or otherdesignated deposit area.

Next, the customer is prompted at step 810 to select the type of parcelto be shipped. As noted above, there are typically two or more typedesignations such as letter, pak, and package. These designations aredetermined by the servicing carrier. To select the appropriate packagetype, the customer simply touches the corresponding button displayed onCRT 702.

System 700 then determines at step 812 whether the customer is using avendor issued credit card. If so, system 700 will display the name ofall recent recipients of packages shipped by that customer using system700. This information is pulled from a consignee file by microprocessor718. The customer is then given the option at step 814 to select thename of a recipient to which the customer has previously shipped apackage. If the desired recipient is indeed listed in the consigneefile, system 700 automatically fills in the "ship to " information inthe appropriate places on the mailing label at step 816. However, if therecipient of the package is not currently available in the consigneefile, system 700 automatically adds the recipient information to thepersonal consignee file of that customer at step 818 once the customerhas entered the shipping data in the system 700. Preferably, a "personalconsignee file" is stored for each customer which includes eachrecipient to which that customer has shipped a parcel or envelope. Thepersonal consignee file is automatically updated to include the latestrecipient and is maintained for future use.

If it is determined at step 812 that the customer did not use a vendorissued credit card, the customer will be prompted to enter shippinginformation at step 820 using the keyboard 704. As in a previousembodiment, the customer typically provides the zip code and the system700 then automatically fills in the city and state from its internalgeographical file. System 700 then prompts the customer to enter thename, company name (if appropriate) and street address of the recipientof the package. When the company name field has data entered in it,system 700 automatically designates the shipment as a "commercialdelivery" shipment as opposed to a "residential delivery" shipment andso indicates on the mailing label. Also, the customer may also be askedto enter the value of the item. If such data is entered, the input valueis evaluated and the package automatically insured up to a predeterminedmaximum. The customer is then given an opportunity at step 822 to checkthe validity of the data. If editing of the information is necessary,such editing is performed at step 824 before determining the weight ofthe parcel or envelope at step 826. Of course, the same zip code checksand the like described above may also be used during the input of theshipping information at step 820.

Once all of the shipping information has been properly entered,microprocessor 718 then polls scale 706 at step 826 to determine theweight of the parcel or envelope 708. If no weight or an invalid weightis detected at step 828, system 700 prompts the customer at step 830 toplace the parcel or envelope 708 on the scale 706. If no weight isdetected for a period of time (usually around 30 seconds), system 700will assume the customer has left and will abort this shippingtransaction.

Next, at step 832, system 700 prompts the customer to input thedimensions of the parcel or envelope 708 to be shipped. The customerdetermines the measurements using measuring grid 710 adjacent scale 706.Screen graphics on CRT 702 help the customer in this process byillustrating how the dimensions of the package are to be measured usingthe measuring grid 710. System 700 then determines at step 834 whetherthe input dimension data is valid and issues an appropriate message atstep 836 if the dimensions are, for example, too large to be handled atthat location. The customer is then given another opportunity to enterthe dimensions at step 832 to correct any errors.

After the shipping and package information is entered, system 700 thenrates the package by computing the delivery date and cost for eachdelivery service at step 838. CRT 702 displays all the availableshipping options including the pricing and delivery information. Thedisplayed information includes the date of expected delivery, what dayof the week that will be, and total shipping costs for each selection.The customer can then select at step 840 which shipping option bestsuits that customer's needs by comparing the delivery times and costsfor that particular parcel or envelope 708.

CRT 702 next displays a shipping label at step 842. The customer isgiven an opportunity at step 844 to check its accuracy and to edit it asrequired at step 846. If the zip code is edited at step 846, system 700goes back and recalculates the shipping charges and gives the customeranother opportunity to select the service options at step 840. This isnecessary because the shipping charges will probably be different whenthe shipping address is changed. Also, the customer may be given anotherchance to select data in the consignee file. Data in the consignee filealso will be updated to reflect any address changes. Any other changesmay be made without requiring recalculations and system 700 may continueprocessing the shipment. As in the previous embodiment, trackinginformation such as bar code labels and the like may also be applied tothe label if they are of use to the carrier.

The label is then printed at step 848. A screen and voice prompt willinstruct the customer to apply the label to the parcel or envelope asillustrated on CRT 702. The label preferably has a backing that may bepealed off by the customer so that the label may be readily stuck to theparcel or envelope 708.

At step 850, the customer is given the option to ship another package bytouching a "ship another package" button. System 700 will then take thecustomer back to step 810 to enable the customer to select a packagetype and declare the package contents, declared value, and the like. Theaforementioned steps are then repeated in the same manner as justdescribed. Preferably, all of the previously entered data, such as theaddress information, will be repopulated onto the label to minimize theamount of customer input. The customer can then simply verify that theinformation is correct or edit the information if the customer desiresto ship the second package to a different address.

Once the customer has processed all packages for shipment, a receipt isprinted at step 852 showing the identification number of each package,the city, state and zip code of each package, the charge of each packageand the total charges, as well as a tracking bar code (if desired).Additionally, receipt 852 preferably shows a phone number for inquiriesrelating to the shipment of the parcel or envelope 708 and there ispreferably a place in the receipt that must be stamped with a uniquevendor stamp which is initialed by the person receiving the package forsecure deposit. At step 854, the customer then takes the package andreceipt to a counter or designated place of deposit so that theattendant may receive the package, stamp and initial the receipt, andplace the package or envelope 708 in a secure storage area until thecarrier comes to pick up the packages and envelopes.

One or more times each working day, the carrier will come around andpick up packages and envelopes that are received and stored for shipmentin the manner just described. The carriers representative will first goto the system 700 and enter a unique code via keyboard 704 that allowshim or her to print the manifest on manifest printer 716. As in theprevious embodiment, he or she also may print the manifest, reject apackage, or reprint a manifest as required using input device 386.Preferably, the carrier enters a code in a lock on the locked door 719of cabinet 715, opens the door 719, and retrieves the manifest from themanifest printer 716. Also, as described above, another way to receivethe manifest information is to transfer the manifest electronically to aDIAD board or similar device if the carrier is so equipped. After themanifest information is received, the carrier's representative then goesto the counter or designated area and receives the stored packages fromthe attendant.

At the end of each shipping operation and/or after passage of apredetermined amount of time, system diagnostics are also performed atstep 856 in the same manner as described above with respect to FIG. 19.Also, as in the previous embodiment, a master control screen may also beprovided for use by maintenance personnel during servicing of the system700.

Of course, numerous of the other features described with respect to thefirst, second and third embodiments may also be incorporated into thesystem of the fourth embodiment, and vice-versa. For example, theconsignee file may be used in the first three embodiments and a storagemechanism used in conjunction with the device of the fourth embodiment.

It is to be understood, however, that even though numerouscharacteristics and advantages of the present invention have been setforth in the foregoing description, together with details of thestructure and function of the invention, the disclosure is illustrativeonly, and changes may be made in detail, especially in matters of shape,size and arrangement of parts within the principles of the invention tothe full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms inwhich the appended claims are expressed. In addition, while the abovedescription speaks alternatively of mailing parcels, packages, orenvelopes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these terms maybe used interchangeably within the scope of the invention as defined bythe appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of mailing parcels and envelopes usingan automated shipping machine, comprising the steps of:receiving paymentinformation from a customer; receiving package type informationidentifying a parcel or envelope to be mailed; weighing said parcel orenvelope to be mailed; receiving shipping information from said customerincluding at least a destination of said parcel or envelope to bemailed; computing from said package type information, shippinginformation, and weight information, a delivery date and cost fordelivery of said parcel or envelope to said destination via eachdelivery service option available to said customer; receiving anindication of the delivery service option desired by the customer;printing a shipping label including at least said destination printedthereon; printing a shipping receipt for an amount including at leastthe cost of delivering said parcel or envelope to said destination viathe delivery service chosen by said customer; validating receipt of saidparcel or envelope as the parcel or envelope for which said shippinglabel was printed; and an attendant of said customer storing a validatedparcel or envelope in a secure storage area until said parcel orenvelope is subsequently picked up by a commercial delivery person.
 2. Amethod as in claim 1, comprising the further step of maintaining aconsignee file containing shipping information for each customer, saidconsignee file being accessible by said customer for providing saidshipping information for computing said delivery date and cost fordelivery of said parcel or envelope to said destination via eachdelivery service option available to said customer.
 3. An automatedshipping machine for use in mailing parcels and envelopes,comprising:means for receiving payment information from a customer; ascale for weighing a parcel or envelope to be mailed; processing meansfor receiving package type information identifying said parcel orenvelope to be mailed, shipping information from said customer includingat least a destination of said parcel or envelope to be mailed, forcomputing from said package type information, shipping information, andweight information from said scale, a delivery date and cost fordelivery of said parcel or envelope to said destination via eachdelivery service option available to said customer, and for receiving anindication of the delivery service option desired by the customer; meansresponsive to said processing means for printing a shipping labelincluding at least said destination printed thereon and for printing ashipping receipt for an amount including at least the cost of deliveringsaid parcel or envelope to said destination via the delivery servicechosen by said customer; and means for validating receipt of said parcelor envelope as the parcel or envelope for which said shipping label wasprinted by said printing means, whereby a validated parcel or envelopeis taken by an attendant for storage in a secure storage area until saidparcel or envelope is subsequently picked up by a commercial deliveryperson.
 4. An automated shipping machine as in claim 3, wherein saidprocessing means further comprises a consignee file for keeping a recordof shipping information for each customer, said consignee file beingaccessible by said customer for providing said shipping information forcomputing said delivery date and cost for delivery of said parcel orenvelope to said destination via each delivery service option availableto said customer.